The idea of transgenicity was also applied to cows for better and increased ilk production. Microbial biotechnology is the utilization of microbial sources ,organisms and other microbes related by products for the production of desirable products and other beneficial products using different technologies and processes. Hence transgenic animals, without doubt, is considered to be one of the most important application of biotechnological processes. “Agility to make use of the system by the teachers or instructor is vital to implement innovation or a new technology.” – Josh Fleming The application of transgenic animals showed that within the next five to eight years genetically modified animals will play a significant and important role in the biomedical field, in particular via the production of valuable pharmaceutical proteins and the supply of xenografts. The U.S. congress defined biotechnology as “any technique that uses living organisms or their products to make or modify a product, to improve plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses.” (1). This is because they have the capacity of producing complex biological proteins in an effective and an economic manner, thus making the operation of the bioreactors cost effective as is evident from the table shown. Let us have a detailed look at the process, importance and applications of transgenic animals. In Pakistan, there is a vast application of microbial biotechnology in different sectors related to agriculture, food , pharmaceutical , health care, Scientists could use the molecular markers for selecting a desired gene even in the absence of the visible traits in plants and animals by examining an organisms’ DNA. Transgenic Mice: Animal cells, like the protoplasts of plant cells, can take up foreign chromosomes … IMPORTANCE OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS 1) Recombinant Retroviruses 2) Pronuclear Injection 3) Sperm-Mediated DNA Transfer 4) Embryonic Stem Cells 5) Germ Cell Transplantation 6) Nuclear Transfer “Cloning”

Since transgenic animals are not easily replaceable, the cost of containment is an important factor in transgenic experimental design. INTRODUCTION The first genetically modified organism was engineered in the year 1980. For example, the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture was using the molecular markers to get the cowpea which is resistant to a beetle, UNIT-X RECENT TRENDS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION ABSTRACT The transgenic animals are, nowadays, very widely used in various biotechnological fields especially in the fields of medicine, agriculture, industries and bioreactors. The importance and significance of plant on human lives are unparallel. Pathogens can be synthesized in plants and when taken orally can trigger an immune response in the individual. The transgenic animals are genetically engineered and are also known as genetically modified organisms. The transgenic animals are, nowadays, very widely used in various biotechnological fields especially in the fields of medicine, agriculture, industries and bioreactors. There has been researches that were conducted regarding the study of transgenic animals, and it was concluded that the transgenic animals are not only safe to use, but also faster and convenient than normal animals. Transgenic animals play an important role in basic and clinical research. A survey in 1992 concluded that plants comprised of 65% of the 137 million metric tons of total protein, DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA WITH GHANA IN PERSPECTIVE INTRODUCTION: In definition, transgenic animals are, from one individual is incorporated in the genome of another one. The objectives for animal biotechnology in food production and medicine are animal growth rate and meat production, milk yield and milk quality, wool, artificially are referred to as ‘Transgenic plants’ or ‘Genetically Modified Plants’. Transgenic animals, with overexpression or activation of oncogenes and genes implicated to be important in human cancer, have been shown to produce mammary carcinomas that recapitulate human BRCA. Also Read: Genetically Modified Organisms. Transgenic animals are animals that have been cloned. Animals like goats, pig, mice, and minkeys are the most commonly used transgenic animals. A transgenic animal is one whose genome has been altered by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed. USE OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS IN MEDICINE:

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